ПАТРІОТИЧНЕ ВИХОВАННЯ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ОСВІТИ ЯК ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНА ПРОБЛЕМА

The article is devoted to the study of the essential characteristics of patriotism. The views of different scholars on the substantiation of the notion of patriotism are analyzed, the importance of forming the spirituality of the student youth and the education of patriotism is substantiated. According to the results of the analysis of reference books and periodicals, different approaches to the definition of the term "patriotism" have been identified. Particular attention must be paid to the formation of a patriotic feelings in the emotional and sensual sphere, because human emotions and feelings most clearly express the spiritual needs and aspirations of man, his attitude to reality. Stages of education of patriotism of the person, which are formed from preschool age to adolescence, structure of patriotism are determined. It is determined that it is necessary to distinguish between varieties of patriotism: ethnic, territorial, state. he content of patriotic education, most researchers see in the formation of such civic and patriotic qualities, such as: civil-patriotic self-awareness, worldview and belief; high civil responsibility while performing professional duties; social activity in everyday life and activities; knowledge of the history and culture of your country; love for the Fatherland and readiness to protect it. The tasks of patriotic education are successfully solved in the event that the educational process is carried out systematically and comprehensively, if this activity includes both subjects and objects of patriotic education; coordination of educational actions of all categories of educators is ensured, individual qualities and peculiarities of  pupils are taken into account, conditions under which the process of patriotic education is taking place, various forms and methods are used.