Micro-nano hybrid-structured conductive film with ultrawide range pressure-sensitivity and bioelectrical acquirability for ubiquitous wearable applications

Abstract Flexible and multifunctional sensing materials have emerged as a new class of prospective components for various practical wearable applications. Here, a micro-nano hybrid-structured conductive film (HCF) incorporating 1D carbon fibers and 0D carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) into polydimethylsiloxane matrix, presents remarkable pressure-sensitivity and bioelectrical acquirability. The HCF sensor exhibits a superior sensitivity of 43.15 kPa−1 over a broad pressure range from 2.5 Pa to 200 kPa, keeping a considerable sensitivity of 7.28 kPa−1 up to 800 kPa. The devices are demonstrated in monitoring artery pulses, swallowing, acoustic vibrations, gestures and human body motions. Furthermore, benefiting from the exceptionally high conductivity and tailorability in different shape structures, the HCF could also function as stretchable dry electrodes, which can be conformal contact with skin for acquiring high-quality bioelectrical signals including electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG) and electrooculogram (EOG). The attainment of both excellent pressure sensing performance and bioelectrical acquirability of HCF, potentially initiates vast applications in wearable electronics.