Sick of the sick role: narratives of what ‘recovery’ means to people with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis

Little is known about what recovery means to those with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis, a poorly understood, disabling chronic health condition. To explore this issue, semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients reporting improvement (n=9) and deterioration (n=10) after a guided self-help intervention, and analysed via “constant comparison”. The meaning of recovery differed between participants - expectations for improvement and deployment of the sick role (and associated stigma) were key influences. Whilst some saw recovery as complete freedom from symptoms, many defined it as freedom from the ‘sick role’, with functionality prioritized. Others redefined recovery, reluctant to return to the lifestyle that may have contributed to their illness, or rejected the concept as unhelpful. Recovery is not always about eliminating all symptoms. Rather, it is a nexus between the reality of limited opportunities for full recovery, yet a strong desire to leave the illness behind and regain a sense of ‘normality’.