Proposal of Carbonactinosporaceae fam. nov. within the class Actinomycetia. Reclassification of Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus as Carbonactinospora thermoautotrophica gen. nov., comb. nov.
2021
Streptomyces thermoautotrophicus UBT1T has been suggested to merit generic status due to its phyloge netic placement and distinctive phenotypes among Actinomycetia. To evaluate whether ‘S. thermoau totrophicus’ represents a higher taxonomic rank, ‘S. thermoautotrophicus’ strains UBT1T and H1 were
compared to Actinomycetia using 16S rRNA gene sequences and comparative genome analyses. The
UBT1T and H1 genomes each contain at least two different 16S rRNA sequences, which are closely related
to those of Acidothermus cellulolyticus (order Acidothermales). In multigene-based phylogenomic trees,
UBT1T and H1 typically formed a sister group to the Streptosporangiales-Acidothermales clade. The
Average Amino Acid Identity, Percentage of Conserved Proteins, and whole-genome Average
Nucleotide Identity (Alignment Fraction) values were 58.5%, 48%, 75.5% (0.3) between ‘S. thermoau totrophicus’ and Streptosporangiales members, all below the respective thresholds for delineating genera.
The values for genomics comparisons between strains UBT1T and H1 with Acidothermales, as well as
members of the genus Streptomyces, were even lower. A review of the ‘S. thermoautotrophicus’ proteomic
profiles and KEGG orthology demonstrated that UBT1T and H1 present pronounced differences, both
tested and predicted, in phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics compared to its sister clades
and Streptomyces. The distinct phylogenetic position and the combination of genotypic and phenotypic
characteristics justify the proposal of Carbonactinospora gen. nov., with the type species
Carbonactinospora thermoautotrophica comb. nov. (type strain UBT1T
, = DSM 100163T = KCTC 49540T
)
belonging to Carbonactinosporaceae fam. nov. within Actinomycetia.
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