An algorithm for the protection of distribution feeder using Stockwell and Hilbert transforms supported features

Faults' recognition in the distribution feeders (DFs) is extremely important for improving the reliability of distribution system. Therefore, this manuscript proposed the technique to identify the faults on the DF using Stockwell Transform (ST) dependent variance feature and Hilbert transform (HT) by utilizing current signals. By element to element multiplication of H-index, computed using HT aided decompositions of current waveforms and VS-index, calculated through ST aided decomposition of current waveforms. By utilizing the decision rules, various faults are classified. Different faults studied in this work are line to ground, double line, double line to ground and 3-Φ to ground. For the high fault impedance also, this technique is effectively utilized. Further, variation in the fault incidence angles also performed to test the performance of the proposed technique. To perform the proposed algorithm, IEEE-13 bus system is developed in MATLAB/Simulink software. Algorithm effectively classified the faults with accuracy greater than 98%. Algorithm is also successfully validated on IEEE-34 bus test system. Further, algorithm successfully validated on the practical power system network. It is recognized that the developed method performed better than the discrete Wavelet transform (DWT) and ruled decision tree based protection scheme reported in literature.