A Novel Traffic Light Scheduling Based on TLVC and Vehicles’ Priority for Reducing Fuel Consumption and $\text{CO}_2$ Emission

This paper proposes a novel and adaptive traffic light scheduling scheme via two-way traffic-light-to-vehicle communication (TLVC) for fuel consumption and $\text{CO}_2$ emission reduction, namely $\text{CO}_2$ Red. In addition to TLVC, a pioneer priority framework is also proposed to give a high priority to heavily loaded vehicles, which consume and emit larger amount of fuel and $\text{CO}_2$ due to breaking and stoppage. The proposed scheme aims to promote a green driving environment in the land transportation sector by increasing green light hit rate for all vehicles, especially for heavily loaded vehicles, and reduce the total amount of fuel consumption and $\text{CO}_2$ emission by reducing the number of stops at traffic lights. The simulation results demonstrate that the green light hit rate of all vehicles is greatly improved, especially of heavily loaded vehicles, which consequently reduces fuel consumption and $\text{CO}_2$ emission in land transportation sector.