Pharmacy practice and continuing professional development in low and middle income countries (LMICs)

Abstract Continuing professional development (CPD) has the potential to provide pharmacists with the skills they require to meet the health needs of their local population. It also ensures that key learning needs of pharmacists are met. Evidence shows that CPD can improve clinical knowledge, and improve pharmacists’ perceptions of their practice. However, the extent to which CPD is implemented varies widely between countries and health systems, and how the pharmacy workforce is regulated locally. For CPD to be effective, the learning of pharmacists that it supports must be aligned with local, regional, and national practice, and pharmaceutical policies.