Knockdown of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 impedes transforming growth factor beta 1-mediated proliferation, migration, and invasion of endometriotic cyst stromal cells

Purpose Endometriosis is one of the most common, difficult, and complicated gynecological disorders. Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in patients with endometriosis. However, the exact role and mechanism of VCAM-1 in endometriosis remains unclear.