Core temperature measurement by microwave radiometry

Abstract A ‘double-container model’ was used for core temperature ( T c ) measurement by microwave emission radiometry (MR) of warm fluid inside a tube, placed in a container with a cooler fluid. The intensity of microwaves emitted from the warmer fluid inside the tube were measured using a MR metering device, consisting of an antenna linked to a low-noise radio frequency amplifier (bandwidth ∼500 MHz, centered at 4.0 GHz). Based on the MR measurements, a T c prediction model was developed for measuring the temperature of fluid inside a tube, achieving a sensitivity of ±0.5 °C at environmental temperature of 33–37 °C.