Alexithymia, Physiological Reactivity and Cognitive Appraisals of EmotionalStimuli in Opiate Dependents: A Pilot Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate psychophysiological reactivity to daily-life stimuli in opiate dependents and associations with alexithymia. Methods: The sample (n=72) was composed of a heroin addicts group treated with methadone and a healthy group, studied in several variables. Participants completed the Portuguese versions of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 items, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination. They were also exposed to images from The International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) and physiological parameters and ratings of valence and arousal were collected. Results: Opiate dependents showed more alexithymia than controls and higher autonomic reactivity to stimuli. Higher levels of alexithymia seems to moderate an inverse association between heart rate and cognitive appraisals of unpleasant stimuli in this sample. Conclusion: A dysregulated brain-peripheral integration increased by the long term-use of drugs and damage in prefrontal regions are discussed as potential etiological factors supporting the presence of emotional deficits in these populations.