Biopolishing of Cellulosic Fabrics: A Study on Low-Stress Mechanical Properties, Microstructure, and Dye Uptake

This study evaluated the effect of biopolishing using cellulase enzymes on the low stress mechanical properties, microstructure, and dye uptake of different cellulosic fabrics (cotton, modal, and cotton denim). The tactile features were studied via the Kawabata evaluation system (KES) and showed increments in tensile elongation, tensile resilience and surface properties leading to wearing comfort, whereas the enhanced shear and bending properties of yarns in the fabrics became stronger and more rigid. The surface morphology of the cellulosic fabrics was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results indicated that the surface of the treated fabrics became smooth and polished. Biotreatment enhanced comfort, luster, and smoothness without affecting other important properties of the fabrics. The effect of biopolishing before and after the dyeing process has been studied. This was the first study to compare cotton, modal, and denim fabrics for the evaluation of low-stress mechanical properties by employing biopolishing.