Effect of education based on Health Belief Model on knowledge and attitude of women towards nutritional behaviors related to cardiovascular diseases prevention

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the main causes of mortality and disability. This study was done to determine the effect of education based on HBM on knowledge and attitude of women towards nutritional behaviors related to cardiovascular diseases. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental study with before and after educational intervention conducted in 2015,by using simple random sampling 63 female housewives participated. Valid and reliable questionnaire based on HBM completed by the participants before intervention. Then,the education was done about the nutritional factors related to cardiovascular diseases in the form of lecture,group discussion and questioning and answering in 4 sessions. Questionnaire was complete done month after. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 and paired – T test,ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score of the studied cases’ knowledge was 68.57±14.25and 92.59 ± 6.14 before and after education,respectively. The mean score of perceived sensitivity and severity were 55.65±10.02and 58.63±12.67 before education respectively and they were,in turn 78.17±14.4 and 75±20.31after the education. The mean score of perceived benefits and self – efficacy were 64.68 ±13.19 and 43.84±7.27 before education and they were also,in turn,84.25±11.21 and 66.76±13.72 after education. The increases in all five constructs were significant (P<0/001). The perceived barriers’ mean score was 59.46±18.83 before education and reached down to 39.79 ± 18.75 after education,respectively. These differences were significant as well (P< 0/001). Conclusions: The education based on Health Belief Model causes to increase the knowledge and improve the attitude about preventing nutritional behaviors towards cardiovascular diseases.