Large-scale production of weavable, dyeable and durable spandex/CNT/cotton core-sheath yarn for wearable strain sensors

Abstract Yarn-based wearable sensors have attracted attention, but it is difficult to fabricate yarn strain sensors with large-scale production, weavability, dyeability and durability toward real applications as wearable electronics and smart textiles. Herein, we report a facile core spun strategy to fabricated spandex/CNT cotton yarns (SCCY) on an industrial spinning machine. For the first time, wearable sensor could be dyed through a simple dip dyeing process with different colors (red, yellow, blue and black). The unique core-sheath structure endowed the yarn with good sensitivity (gauge factor of 21.85 at 300% strain), broad sensing range (0%-300% strain), excellent durability (against dip dyeing, washing, acid and alkali) and abrasion resistance (resistance change 5% after rubber 100 cycles). The sensor yarn was also successfully woven/knitted into textiles and it could be sewn into a fabric. The weavable and dyeable core-spun yarn in the present work provide a feasible way for industrial-scale manufacture wearable sensors.