Measuring the probe Stark shift by frequency modulation spectroscopy in an 87Sr optical lattice clock

2021 
In this paper, we demonstrate a frequency modulation technique to accurately measure the probe Stark shift of optical clocks. The effective coupling strength of the probe laser to the clock transition is precisely controlled by this frequency modulation technique, which is different from the traditional method by controlling the effective coupling strength via changing the probe light power. In an 87Sr optical lattice clock, the probe Stark shifts are measured as a function of the square of the bare state coupling strength. The probe Stark shift coefficient of 87Sr is experimentally determined as −6.0(5)×10−7/Hz using this frequency modulation technique. With the help of frequency modulation, the probe light power can be as large as possible without decreasing the measurement precision and the achieved measurement lever arm is improved by more than one order of magnitude compared with previous results.
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