Trends and determinants of minimum dietary diversity among children aged 6-23 months: a pooled analysis of Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys from 2007 to 2017.

Objective To examine minimum dietary diversity trends and determinants among children aged 6-23 months. Design Secondary analysis of the Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys (IDHS) between 2007 and 2017. The primary outcome was minimum dietary diversity, the consumption of at least five out of eight food groups (MDD-8). We included a total of 5015 (IDHS 2007), 5050 (IDHS 2007), and 4925 (IDHS 2017) children aged 6 to 23 months to estimate trends of MDD-8 and to identify factors associated with MDD-8. We used multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for the complex sampling design to investigate the association between the study factors and MDD-8. Setting Indonesia. Participant A total of 14990 children aged 6-23 months. Results Over the ten years, the percentage of children who consumed a diversified diet was 53.1% in 2007, 51.7% in 2012, and 53.7% in 2017. Multivariate analyses showed that older age children, higher maternal education, maternal weekly access to media, paternal non-agricultural occupation, history of at least four ANC visits, and wealthier households were associated with the increased odds of MDD-8. Children living in rural areas, Sulawesi and Eastern Indonesia, were less likely to eat a diversified diet. Conclusions The proportion of children meeting MDD-8 has stagnated in the last decade. Child, parental, health care, household, and community factors are associated with MDD-8. Therefore, nutrition-education programmes and behaviour change communication activities should target mothers and families from socio-economically and geographically disadvantaged populations.