On the first step in zinc deposition – a case of nonlinear coupling with the solvent

Abstract The deposition of zinc from aqueous solutions is of great practical importance, and it also serves as a prototype for the deposition of divalent ions. Both experiment and theory agree, that it takes place in two steps. Previous theoretical work [1] had suggested that the step, Zn + + + e - → Zn + takes place in the outer sphere, but gave a prohibitively high energy of activation of the order of 1.4 eV, in accord with the enigma of metal deposition postulated by Gileadi [2] . In this work the treatment of the reactant – solvent interaction is substantially improved by introducing nonlinear terms based on molecular dynamics. Our calculations suggest that the first steps follows an inner sphere path with a much lower energy of activation, which results in a physically adsorbed Zn + ion. The second step then occurs on the electrode surface. These findings are in line with experimental data.