KEY METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE FREIGHT TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES IN A LCA ANALYSIS

This paper reviews the most common methodological issues found in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies associated with freight transport activities. Main conclusion drawn is that LCA is a suitable tool to assess the environmental impacts of freight transport activities, since other pollutants rather than CO2 and other GHGs are produced, although carbon footprint can be applied in certain situations. A deep study on the pollutants produced in these activities revealed that a comprehensive analysis should be accompanied by a full set of impact categories. Infrastructure processes and land use should be included although it makes difficult the analysis. Furthermore empty backhaul trips and pre and post-positioning trips should be considered and attributed to the product transported in the fronthaul trips.