Revealing the sodium storage of surface C O structure in high performance Na-ion battery

Abstract Although sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have gotten a growing concern for energy storage system because of the natural sufficient of sodium, their progress is hindered due to destitute insertion/extraction property of Na+ in electrodes. This work reports a clear study of an ultralong cycle stability and high specific capacity in biomass derived carbon (BDC). The Na+ storage mechanism is rely on the reaction between surface C O structure and Na+ (there is no electrode structure change during this reaction). This BDC with more surface C O structure is useful for the Na+ storage, When evaluated as an anode for SIBs, it displays a good rate capacity (514 mA h·g−1 at 0.05 A·g−1, 212 mA h·g−1 at 10 A·g−1) and a high reversible capacity (315 mA h·g−1 at 1 A·g−1 after 900 cycles).