Antifreeze protein from Anatolia polita (ApAFP914) improved outcome of vitrified in vitro sheep embryos

Abstract Embryo cryopreservation is an important tool to preserve endangered species. As a cryoprotectant for mouse oocytes, antifreeze protein from Anatolica polita (ApAFP914) has demonstrated utility. In the present study, the effects of controlled slow freezing and vitrification methods on the survival rate of sheep oocytes fertilized in vitro after freezing-thawing were compared. Different ApAFP914 concentrations were added to the vitrification liquid for exploring the effect of antifreeze protein on the warmed embryos. The results showed that the survival and hatching rates of in vitro derived embryos were significantly higher than that of the slow freezing method. Furthermore, among the cryopreserved embryos at different developmental stages, the survival and hatching rates of the expanded blastocyst were significantly higher than those of the blastocysts, early blastocysts and morula. The survival and the hatching rates of the fast-growing embryos were both significantly higher than that of the slow-growing embryos. Additionally, treatment of ApAFP914 (5–30 μg/mL) did not increase the freezing efficiency of the 6–6.5 d embryos. However, addition of 10 μg/mL of ApAFP914 significantly increased the hatching rate of slow-growing embryos. In conclusion, our study suggests that the vitrification is better than the slow freezing method for the conservation of in vitro sheep embryos, and supplementation of ApAFP914 (10 μg/mL) significantly increased the hatching rate of slow-growing embryos after cryopreservation.