Learning state model for value co-creative education services

Achieving learning objectives is considered as a value in use for higher education service. To achieve learning objectives, a teacher needs to grasp a learning state at each time point and then determine a target state that should be achieved by the next time point. With regard to the target state, the teacher also needs to achieve consensus with the learner. This study aims to support teachers in grasping the learning state and achieving consensus with the learner. To that end, we propose a model to represent changes in the learning state and the relationship between learning state and learning and instructional events.