Screening procedure for simultaneous determination of azaperone, carazolol, and chlorpromazine in animal urine

A liquid chromatographic method coupled with UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors for the determination of azaperone, carazolol, and chlorpromazine residues in urine has been described. Analytes were isolated from biological samples with acetonitryle. The obtained extracts were applied to solid phase extraction Strata X-C 33 µm Polimeric Strong Cation columns. The analytes were eluted with alkalised acetonitryle. The whole procedure was validated according to European Decision 657/2002/EC. The detection limits were established at the level 2 µg/L for carazolol and 5 µg/L for azaperone and chlorpromazine. Detection capabilities for carazolol, azaperone, and chlorpromazine were 8.62, 18.9, and 6.53 μg/L, respectively. Recoveries were above 90%.