Lattice oxygen and surface states dual modulation of manganese oxide with remarkably enhanced catalytic activity for toluene oxidation

Abstract The manganese oxide catalysts were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and applied for the catalytic oxidation of VOCs. The effects of lattice oxygen and surface states for enhancing the catalytic oxidation properties of toluene were investigated over MnOx with the different hydrothermal temperatures. MnOx prepared at 140 °C owned plenty of lattice oxygen, the highest content of surface Mn3+ species, excellent low-temperature reducibility and outstanding mobility of oxygen species, resulting in the improvement of catalytic performance.