Symptomatic recovery and social functioning in major depression

Objective: To determine whether social functional recovery precedes, runs in parallel with, or lags behind symptomatic recovery from major depressive episodes. Method: Psychiatric out-patients or in-patients aged 18 years or over, diagnosed with unipolar major depressive disorder according to DSM-IV, and who had received no antidepressant medication in the preceding 3 months were identified at 23 collaborating centres from all over Japan (n=95). They were rated with the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) and the Global Assessment Scale (GAS) monthly, and with the Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report (SAS-SR) 6-monthly. Remission was defined as 7 or less on the HRSD and recovery as 2 or more consecutive months of remission. Results: The GAS ratings showed continuous amelioration from baseline to remission, remission to recovery, and after sustained recovery. The same trends were observed for SAS-SR scores. Conclusion: We can expect further amelioration in social adjustment after symptomatic remission and recovery of major depressive episodes.