The driving force and movement of materials in the Earth’s interior

The main connotation of geophysical research is the physics of the Earth’s interior whose core issue includes the Earth’s internal structure, the forces and responses for the motion of materials. Based on the researches of deep exchange process and dynamic source mechanism of material and energy in the Earth’s interior, we draw the following conclusions: (1) The layered structure and material composition of the Earth’s interior lay a solid foundation for the researches of the material movement, the properties and structures of the medium, and the deep processes in the Earth’s interior. (2) The important geoscience events, such as the continental drift, sea-floor spreading and plate motion indicate that the lithosphere is flowing on the asthenosphere. The eruption of continental flood basalt and the upwelling of hot mantle plume reflect the coupled responses and coexistences of the horizontal and vertical force systems. (3) The exchange process of material and energy in the Earth’s interior bring up many products, such as the strong earthquake, the eruption of volcano, the elevation of Tibet Plateau, metal mineral resources in the second deep space, and the formation of oil and gas field. (4) In related to the researches of mechanics properties of the Earth medium, although the driving source of material movement in the Earth’s interior become one of the key problems, a series of involved hypothesis cannot explain many geosciences events very well. The mantle convection theory acquire some consensus, however it is still a hypothesis due to the lack of reliable and high precision measured data. (5) The heat from radioactive decay and the thermodynamic boundary layer at core-mantle boundary may be the driving source of the deep processes in the Earth’s interior. Whether the dark matter and dark material recently proposed by in the studies of astronomical movement are analogously exist in the Earth’s interior, which needs to deepen the understanding of the Earth.