Nickel plasma modification of graphene for high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensing

Abstract A Ni plasma-modified graphene-based glucose sensor is prepared on a glassy carbon electrode. The Ni plasma-modified graphene, which has structural integrity and good conductivity after the plasma treatment, shows excellent glucose sensing ability as confirmed by electrochemical assessment of the GC-G-Ni electrode. The GC-G-Ni sensor exhibits a high glucose sensitivity of 2213 μA mM −1  cm −2 , low detection limit of 1 μM, short response time of less than 1 s, good selectivity, long-term stability, and reproducibility. The fabrication method and strategy are promising to large-scale production of electrochemical biosensors based on transition elements.