Using the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Algorithm in Collaboration with the Fog Nodes in the Internet of Things Three-layer Architecture

Today, with the increase of objects and physical devices connected to the Internet and the creation of an intelligent environment, a new paradigm as the Internet of Things (IoT), has been introduced. In this paradigm, fog computing is used as an essential capability to increase IoT processing power. Due to the expansion of these nodes from the edge of the network to the cloud, and their ability to process data near objects, the service time for objects and physical devices can be reduced. In addition, the collaboration between fog nodes can lead to the use of idle resources and further reduce response time. On the other hand, this collaboration could lead to an increase in energy costs in all fog nodes. Therefore, in this paper, an optimization problem is introduced with the aim of the collaboration in fog nodes along with the cloud to make the balance between the average response time and energy cost. Then, the proposed problem is solved using the artificial bee colony optimization algorithm. The evaluation results show that the proposed solution has been able to significant effects on reducing the response time and energy cost and obtain the optimal value.