豫西旱坡地长期定位保护性耕作研究－III.综合效益分析

This paper analyzed economical benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit of conservation tillage in western part of Henan so that proper tillage treatments can be selected to implement sustaining agricultural development. The research took use of field plots trial, field simulation rainfall trial and demonstration in farm field at the Songzhuang experiment station of Luoyang Dryland Farming Experiment Base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 1999-2006.Compared with conventional tillage (CK), subsoil tillage with straw stubble mulch (ST) and no-tillage with straw stubble mulch (NT) could decrease production cost by 412yuan and 562yuan per hm^2, increase wheat yield (average of 7 years) by 8.78% and 3.70%, net income by 888.2yuan and 762.7yuan, heighten WUE by 1.0kg/(mm•hm^2) and 0.4kg/(mm•hm^2), and boost rainfall storeage ratio by 15.8% and 12.5%. Under natural rainfall and simulated rainfall experiments, conservation tillage had better effect on soil and water conservation with its implementation time continuing. The effect of ST was better than that of NT. But 2 years later, the effect of NT was little better than that of ST. Soil nutrient kalium loss of the sloping loess farmland was the most, secondly soil nitrogen, while soil phosphorus was the smallest. ST and NT could decrease runoff of nutrient concentration and quantity.