Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) expression in cultured bovine endometrial cells and response to omega-3 fatty acid, growth hormone and agonist stimulation in relation to series 2 prostaglandin production

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of nuclear transcription factors thought to act as receptors for polyunsaturated fatty acids and to reduce production of series 2 prostaglandins (PG). The objectives of the current study were to characterize PPAR expression and the prostaglandin synthetic activity of cultured bovine endometrial cells in response to known PPAR ligands, as well as to key stimulators and inhibitors of series 2 prostaglandin secretion. PPAR and PPAR, but not PPAR, mRNAs are expressed in the BEND cell line regardless of treatment. Under resting conditions, PPAR mRNA levels increase in response to growth hormone (P < 0.05). In cells stimulated with PdBu, growth hormone depresses PPAR mRNA levels, regardless of whether cells also are treated with IFN. In contrast, PPAR mRNA levels are increased by exposure to PdBu, eicosapentanoic acid and IFN, and these effects are additive. PPAR mRNA levels are not predictive of prostaglandin accumulation. Agonist activation of PPAR ,P PAR or PPAR augments PdBu-induced