Wide band, ultra low noise cryogenic InP IF amplifiers for the Herschel mission radiometers

The sub-millimeter radiometers of the Herschel mission have very stringent requirements. The scientific goals require an instantaneous bandwidth of four GHz with very low noise, flat gain and low power dissipation. Short-term gain stability of the amplifier is important, because gain fluctuations could limit the sensitivity of the instrument. Besides, a highly reliable, low weight unit is required to be compatible with the space instrumentation standards. The amplifiers will be used in conjunction with HEB and SIS mixers in all 7 channels of the instrument. This paper describes the design, the special construction techniques and the results of the amplifiers built by Centro Astronomico de Yebes for the development model of the Herschel Heterodyne Instrument. The average noise temperature obtained in the 4-8 GHz band is 3.5 K, with a gain of 27 ±1.1 dB at an ambient temperature of 15 K and keeping the total power dissipation below the allowed 4 mW. Normalized gain fluctuations were carefully measured, being lower than 1.5·10 -4 Hz -1/2 @ 1 Hz. Space qualification of the design is in progress.