The Regulation of miRNAs in Inflammation-Related Carcinogenesis
2015
Chronic inflammation plays important roles in the initiation and development of various cancers, particularly
gastrointestinal cancer. Cancer is characterized by stepwise accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations
of genes. As a high risk factor for cancer, chronic inflammatory response produces great amount of mediators,
including cytokines, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, proteinases, which can induce genetic and epigenetic
changes of cancer-associated genes and pathways. Furthermore, inflammation also modulates the expression
of miRNAs that not only regulate the expression of tumor-related proteins but also enhance the tumor-promoting
inflammatory process. In the current review, we summarize the mechanisms by which inflammatory mediators and
signaling regulate the biosynthesis of miRNAs, as well as the involvement of miRNAs in the feedback loops promoting
inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.
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