Uncertainty in catch and effort data of small- and medium-scale tuna fisheries in Indonesia: Sources, operational causes and magnitude

Abstract This study aims to identify the sources and magnitude of uncertainty in the collection and processing of catch and effort data of small- and medium-scale tuna fisheries in Indonesia, as well as the causes of uncertainty on an operational level. We identified possible sources of uncertainty through a literature review and interviews with experts. Next, we surveyed 40 small-scale (