In situ characterization of the laser-induced synthesis and photonic properties of nanostructures in a TEM

We utilized in situ laser-heating within a TEM to reveal how nanomaterials transform from amorphous precursors, and used electron spectroscopy to characterize the optical properties of these nanostructures in situ and in real time. The recrystallization, grain growth, phase separation, and solid state dewetting of AgNi films were investigated using stepwise laser heating. The experiments reveal a wealth of in situ information, including changes of composition and lattice constants during phase separation. To establish the true and dynamic structure–property relationship of nanostructures, we also characterized the photonic properties of the synthesized materials in situ. For example, the plasmon modes of metallic particles were mapped using electron energy gain induced by photon-plasmon-electron coupling. These in situ TEM studies of laser-induced heating are a valuable discovery tool for the rapid exploration of synthesis pathways and functional properties of nanostructures.