DNA-controlled Spatio-temporal Patterning of Active Matter

Molecular programs and active matter appear as two key ingredients for the emergence of shape in living systems. The former process chemical information, while the latter generates long-range mechanical forces. The coupling of these two elements is thus essential for the synthesis of life-like materials. Here, we describe the preparation of DNA-responsive surfaces that shape a cm-scale tridimensional active gel comprised of microtubules: a DNA signal triggers the gel, structuring it into a periodic band pattern or local aggregates, depending on its sequence and concentration. Finally, we show how a gradient of DNA concentration transfers its positional information to the active gel, mimicking chemo-mechanical patterning promoted by morphogens during embryo development. We anticipate that such DNA-controlled active matter will contribute to the development of life-like materials with self-shaping properties.