Study of tissue culture and in vitro organogenesis of Scutellaria bornmuelleri using benzylaminopurine, lsopentenyl adenine and thidiazuron

Abstract Scutellaria bornmuelleri is an annual plant which belongs to Lamiaceae family. It has several important medicinal compounds such as baicalein, wogonin and chrysin which confirm its potential therapeutic effects. The present study was aimed to evaluate in vitro S. bornmuelleri organogenesis using leaf, petiole and stem explants. Explants were cultured on half-strength MS medium, supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinin (2ip) and auxins (IAA, IBA, NAA and 2, 4-D) in order to study their efficacy on in vitro shoot organogenesis. The efficacy of the combination of thidiazoron (TDZ) with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was studied, as well. It was revealed that the combination of 0.5 mg L−1 TDZ and 1 mg L−1 BAP is the most effective for callus formation and adventitious shoot induction (100%), followed by 1 mg L−1 2ip plus 0.1 mg L−1 IAA (90%). Among various combinations, best direct organogenesis frequencies were achieved in half-MS medium, supplemented with a combination of 1 mg L−1 2ip and 0.1 mg L−1 IAA (90%), followed by 0.75 mg L−1 2ip, single treatment (78.3%). The highest number of regenerated shoots was obtained in the medium supplemented with 1 mg L−1 BAP and 0.5 mg L−1 TDZ (24 shoots), followed by 0.75 mg L−1 2ip, single treatment (21 shoots). The obtained shoots were rooted easily on a half strength MS medium, containing 0.5 mg L−1 IBA and were successfully adapted to growth in pots. The present protocol introduces a simple and rapid regeneration system for S. bornmuelleri in a short period of time through adventitious shoot induction.