Growth mode-dependent ferromagnetic properties of palladium nanoclusters

Cluster deposited Pd films exhibit ferromagnetism in the temperature range from 1.8 to 400 K. The magnetization properties are found to be dependent on the film thickness. The varying morphology of the resulting Pd film with respect to thickness suggests that cluster size, deposition energy, and substrate type are crucial for the resulting film magnetization. This is demonstrated by the characteristic ferromagnetic hysteresis with the temperature dependent saturation magnetization, remanence, and coercivity of palladium nanocluster aggregates. The temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization, remanence, and coercivity of Pd nanoclusters were measured using an ultra-high-sensitive magnetometer based on a superconducting quantum interference device, and the morphology of the samples was analyzed by tunneling electron microscopy.