Learned Predator Avoidance Behavior and a Two-Level System for Chemosensory Recognition of Predatory Fishes in Juvenile Brook Trout

The ability of a fish to recognize and respond appropriately to chemical cues can affect its growth, survival, and reproductive success (Liley, 1982). The chemical detection of predators by a potential prey is one chemosensory response with potential impact on individual survival. An abundance of research with prey fishes has shown that many species can detect and behaviorally respond to chemical cues emanating from predators (reviewed by Weldon, 1990), including some nonsympatric and exotic predatory fishes (Reed, 1969).