Single−Nucleotide Polymorphism Association Study of VDR and CDH1 Genes and the Risk of Prostate Cancer Wpływ polimorfizmu typu SNP w genach VDR i CDH1 na ryzyko rozwoju raka prostaty

Background. Prostate cancer (PC) is considered the most common cause of male cancer mortality. A positive fam− ily history is one of the strongest risk factors for prostate cancer. Numerous data indicate that PC has a genetic background; however, it cannot be explained as a single−gene disease but as a multigenetic disorder. Objectives. The aim of this study was to search for genetic correlation between single−nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the VDR and CDH1 genes and the risk of PC. Material and Methods. One hundred PC patients and 100 control subjects were investigated. The SNPs rs2107301 and rs2238135 in VDR and rs16260 in CDH1 were detected by minisequencing followed by capillary electrophoresis. Hardy−Weinberg equilibrium, the chi−squared test, and non−parametric tests (Wald−Wolfowitz and Mann−Whitney U) were used for statistical analyses. Results. Two of the three tested SNPs, i.e. rs2238135 in VDR and rs16260 in CDH1, displayed statistically sig− nificant differences in frequency between the two groups (p = 0.0266 and p = 0.0123 for rs2238135 and rs16260, respectively). The C/C genotype of rs2107301 in VDR gene positively correlated with increased prostrate−specific antigen (PSA) level (p = 0.0073). Conclusions. The results provide unique data and show strong association between the tested SNPs in the VDR and CDH1 genes and malignancy and progression of prostate cancer (Adv Clin Exp Med 2009, 18, 3, 215–220).