Comparative studies of oxygenated fuel synthesis with diesel from the measurements of density, speed of sound and refractive index

An experimental investigation on the feasibility and relevance of the tri fuel blends of ethanol and dibutyl ether with diesel was studied to replace pure diesel. The solubility of the ethanol and dibutyl ether with a percentage of 25% and 75% resulted with no phase separation, found miscible and stable with diesel at any percentage. However, the properties such as densities and refractive index experimentally verified for different blend ratios. A density of test samples with various compositions was tested. High precise equipment is engaged to analyze the density, speed of sound, refractive index for various fuel compositions. The temperature ranges between 298 K and 343 K show a greater impact on variation in the fuel properties. Density, speed of sound, refractive indices measured as a function of the temperature with an accuracy of ± 0.001 and ± 0.0001. Further, the validation of experimental method has been tested using Lorentz–Lorenz (L–L) analysis with a deviation of 0.4%. The uncertainty for fluid velocity is ± 0.3 m s−1, and the experimental estimated excess molar volume uncertainty is 2 × 10−3 cm3 mol−1. The substantiation of intermolecular interactions between the liquids is found to be significant in both experimental and prediction analysis of each sample. The exergy destruction specifies with 46% which includes the air flow and chemical heat energy transfer losses.