MONITORAMENTO DE EMISSÕES FUGITIVAS A PARTIR DA CAMADA DE COBERTURA DE ATERRO SANITÁRIO

Landfill biogas (LFG) is mainly composed by methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) (both are greenhouse gases). These gases, when not properly managed, may cause several problems related to air pollution at local and global scales. Even when used (in cases of energy recovery, for example), a large amount of the biogas generated in the process of waste decomposition in landfills can escape through the cover layer as fugitive emissions, which requires pathways to measure and mitigate such emissions (essentially greenhouse gases). In such context, the present work focused on showing the main aspects related to the fugitive emissions from the cover layer in landfills and the problems related to the odour produced by these units, as well as the gas control and measurement methods. This review was prepared from scientific articles of databases commonly used in research areas as Sanitation and Environmental Geotechnics. In addition to the articles, theses and dissertations, reports, national and international standards and protocols, governmental laws and communications, regarding to the disposal of municipal solid waste, agreements for mitigating greenhouse gases (GHG), etc., were also searched. At last, the present work also brings an approach to the Brazilian situation, both from the local scenery regarding the Solid Waste National Policy (PNRS, Brazilian abbreviation) and the international environment with the confirmation of the greenhouse emission targets for Brazil in the Conference of Parties (COP-21) in Paris.