Effect of long term rice establishment methods on physical properties in Vertisol

The present investigation was carried out during 2016-17 at Hingnadih and Malpuri village, Dhamdha block, Durg district, Raipur. The soil of the experimental field was clay and clay loam in texture (Vertisol) localy knows as “kanhar”. The experiment was laid out in Randomized block design with thirteen replications and three treatments. In this study, the effect of long term rice establishment methods on rice under rice based cropping system on physical properties were evaluated in after harvest of rice crop. In this study, three rice establishment methods (puddling, biasi and direct seeding rice) were laid in main treatment. The soil were evaluated after harvesting of rice crop under various depths viz. 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm.After harvest of rice the soil physical properties viz., bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, penetration resistance, water holding capacity and cracks volume were significantly affected by different rice establishment method. Puddling significantly increase the bulk density of surface soil (0-15 cm) and sub-surface layer (15-30 and 30-45 cm) but non-significant effect was found at 45-60 cm depth. The highest hydraulic conductivity was found in surface layer in direct seeding rice, when the depth increases hydraulic conductivity was decreases vice versa. Penetration resistance was found significant higher in puddled condition than biasi and direct seeding. Penetration resistance was also increased with the depth. Water holding capacity increase with the puddling and minimum was found in direct seeding. Puddling was because the crack volume, the higher crack volume was found in puddling condition.