A novel auxiliary hole localization algorithm based on multidimensional scaling for wireless sensor networks in complex terrain with holes

Abstract As the most critical part of wireless sensor networks, nodes localization plays a decisive role in determining the validity and value of the data collected by the sensors. A novel auxiliary hole localization algorithm based on multidimensional scaling has been proposed in the present study to overcome the poor nodes localization for wireless sensor networks in complex terrain with holes. In the algorithm research, the types of the holes in wireless sensor networks are originally classified and defined, and the localization strategy for the hole boundary nodes is designed. On this basis, an improved distance optimization method is employed to derive the formula of the distance between nodes blocked by holes. Finally, on the strength of the improved distance value, the nodes localization task is completed through the multidimensional scaling-MAP algorithm. As shown by the simulation results, the proposed algorithm is suitable for locating the nodes of wireless sensor networks in complex terrain with different types of holes. In addition, under the condition of each type of hole localization, the localization effect is better than the same type of extended Kalman filter multidimensional scaling algorithm.