Correlation between Solar Energetic Particle events and Earth's surface Temperature in North-East USA

The inuence of space weather on the Earth's atmospheric weather and climate is an important scientic issue with great social interest. In this study we present, for the rst time, statistical results during times of 28 strong ICMEs observed between 1997 - May, 2015, which conrm a strong correlation between the solar activity and the temperature TM in east USA (Madison, Wisconsin). In particular we found that: (a) during a time period of 15 days (day=-7 to day=+7) centered at the day D0 of ICMEs arrival at Earth, the temperature (TM ) in Madison shows maximum values around (+/- 1 day) or after the day D0 in 89.2% of the cases examined, (b) the high (1880 - 4700 keV) energy solar proton (HESP) uxes, show a much stronger correlation with TM than the magnetospheric 68 - 115 keV ions and 38 - 53 keV electrons, before the ICME arrival, (c) the temperature increase reached on day D0 is strongly (r = 0:8;p < 0:001) correlated with the time duration of the HESP events, (d) the temperature increase during the cases examined is very strongly and signicantly