Solubility and thermodynamic analysis of vinpocetine in various mono solvents at different temperatures

In the present study, the solubility of vinpocetine in ten commonly used solvents at different temperatures range of T = 298.2–323.2 K was examined and correlate the solubility data with Apelblat and Van’t Hoff models and lastly the dissolution thermodynamic parameters of vinpocetine in each solvent were estimated. It was observed that the vinpocetine solubility found less in water and determined to be better in non-polar solvents. Both (Apelblat and Van’t Hoff) models are found suitable to correlate the measured solubility data, still, the Van’t Hoff equation demonstrated to be more precise for the correlation of solubilities of VPN in investigated solvents. The maximum value of activity coefficients (γ2) for vinpocetine was observed in water, this could be due to low solubility of vinpocetine in water, while the value of γ2 was observed lowest in Transcutol owing to maximum solubility of vinpocetine in Transcutol. The conclusions of thermodynamic parameters analysis of vinpocetine in various studied solvents brought out that the vinpocetine solubilization process was endothermic, non-spontaneous and entropy-driven. The outcomes of the present study would provide enormous support in vinpocetine solubilization, pre-formulation and dosage form development in pharmaceuticals.