Effect of built-in tension due to variation in temperature on natural frequency of graphene nano ribbon resonator

Abstract Miniaturization of the devices at nano scale has evolved new dimension in the sector of science and engineering as far as atomic level sensing is concerned. Such miniaturization has become possible due to state of the art manufacturing techniques. Various materials have been implemented for manufacturing of nano sized resonators. Out of these materials, graphene has drawn attention of researchers across all sectors of science and engineering due to its outstanding mechanical and electrical properties. Structural point of view, it is a thin, monolayer, two dimensional material, still it can be deformed up to 25% higher than other materials which makes it preferred material for design and fabrication of nano resonator. Despite exhibiting excellent properties, graphene, in its pristine form is non-piezoelectric due to symmetry of carbon atoms. To induce piezoelectricity into pristine graphene, symmetry of graphene structure must be broken by applying mechanism in the form of point or line defect, adatoms or strain due to mechanical/thermal load. The application of thermal loading will affect the natural frequency of the nano resonator. The paper deals with the effect of built-in tension due to variation in temperature on natural frequency of graphene nano ribbon (GNR) resonator. The size of GNR is as follows: Length = 1000 nm, Width = 100 nm and Thickness = 0.335 nm. Doubly clamped configurations is considered for GNR resonator. The range of temperature is considered from 300 K to 200 K. The obtained results depict that as the temperature varies, the built-in tension varies and so is the fundamental mode of frequency of GNR.