Characteristic mode analysis of nano-antennas with different materials

Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA) has been recently proposed for the design and optimization of antennas. In this work, we propose to use CMA to quantify how the electromagnetic response of nano-antennas with complex shapes vary with different material properties. The results show that the modal significance depend significantly on the material of the nano-antenna. However, the current distribution of the modes is mainly dependent on the shape of the nano-antenna and not its material. Moreover, the study show that CMA can be used as a useful tool for the design and optimization of nano-antennas and sensors.