Procedimiento para el análisis retrospectivo y prospectivo de sistemas lecheros Procedure for the retrospective and prospective analysis of dairy systems

Abst RAct: In order to propose an integrating procedure for the retrospective and prospective analysis of dairy systems, a documentary research based on a narrative bibliographic review was conducted. The information came from two source types: primary and secondary, while the search strategy was based on combinations of key words. The procedure, which consisted in performing 22 operations –in an arranged way‒, was based on the system engineering approach and involved the four general dimensions (productive, economic, social and environmental) which define the sustainability of cattle production systems. This approach was used as it is considered that the analysis of such systems should be aimed at the holistic examination of what occurs in them, as well as at proposing concrete solutions with scientific bases. The results showed that the proposed sequence of operations can be considered as a useful procedure to make the retrospective and prospective analysis of dairy systems, with a systemic and integrating approach that allows to interrelate the characterization of the dairy production system under grazing conditions, the efficiency analysis and the design of technological alternatives for its improvement.