Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Berries Essential Oil of Algerian Juniperus thurifera (Var. aurasiaca)
2018
Background: Over the past decade,
most antibiotic research programs have focused on finding new compounds with
antimicrobial activity. This study aims to
investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the
essential oil (EO) extracted from ripe berries of Algerian Juniperus thurifera var. aurasiaca.
Methods: The chemical composition of J. thurifera
EO extracted by hydrodistillation was analyzed by using the GC-MS
technique. Antibacterial activity of EO alone and in combination with three
conventional antibiotics was assessed by using disc diffusion method against
four bacterial strains.
Results: Thirty-five components were identified,
representing ~87 % of the oil. The main
components were m-mentha-6,8-diene (15.43 %), β-pinene (10.59 %), elemol (8.31
%) and terpinene-4-ol (7.44 %). The essential oil showed strong
antibacterial activity against S. aureus
and E. coli, but no activity against P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. Synergistic effects were observed because of the
combined application of EO with gentamicin against all strains tested, and with
amoxicillin against B. subtilis. Furthermore, the combination of
EO/cefazolin demonstrated an additive effect against B. subtilis.
In contrast, the combination of EO with amoxicillin and cefazoline revealed antagonistic
effects against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa.
Conclusion: This is the first report on the chemical
composition and antibacterial activity of Algerian juniper berries’ essential
oil. The results indicate that the studied EO may be a promising source of
antibacterial compounds that could be useful for pharmaceutical applications
especially in combination with conventional antibiotics.
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