Flood Mapping and Vulnerability Assessment Using Geospatial Techniques: A Case Study of Lower Periyar River Basin, Kerala

The flood can strike anywhere without warning. Flooding is a very common environmental hazard. Due to this natural disaster, infrastructure damages and human life losses occur every year. In August 2018, because of a low-pressure framework close to the start of the month, the Indian territory of Kerala got an all-inclusive time of substantial precipitation, joined by storm wretchedness a few days after the fact. About 400 people were killed by the ensuing floods and a million more were displaced. Here, delineation of the spatial extent of flooding is of great importance for the dynamic monitoring of flood evolution and corresponding emergency strategies. An interest for satellite-based immersion planning in close to constant has been shown by late flood occasions. Simulating and forecasting the magnitude of floods is critical for risk mitigation. Flood mapping is a process used during the flood for damage assessment and risk evaluation and to assist rescues. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the magnitude of the flood, the damage to the built environment, by mapping the vulnerable areas of the flood, based on different analytical techniques. To classify the affected areas based on variations between the two images, the applied approach is to examine and compare two images (one before and one after the disaster). This study shows that SAR data and Landsat images alongside GIS can be utilized adequately to map, track, and evaluate the distribution of floodwater in flood-prone areas of the lower reaches of the Periyar river basin.