In vitro selection of a microbial consortium predictive of synergistic functioning along multiple ecosystem scales

Soil microbes form complex interactive networks throughout the soil and plant rhizosphere. These interactions can result in emergent properties for consortia that are not predictable from the phenotypes of constituents in isolation. We used a four-species consortium to assess the capacity of individual microbial species versus different consortia permutations of the four species to contribute to increased P-solubilization using soil incubations and plant growth experiments. We found that as different combinations of bacterial species were assembled into differing consortia, they demonstrated differing abilities to stimulate soil P cycling and plant growth. The combination of all four microbes in the consortia were much more effective at solubilizing P and stimulating plant growth than any of the individual bacterial species alone. This suggests that in vivo functionally synergistic soil microbial consortia can be adept at performing specific ecosystem functions in situ. Improving our understanding of the mechanisms that facilitate synergistic functioning examined in this study is important for maximizing future food production and agroecosystem sustainability.