Tratamento Efetivo de Gliossarcoma com mais de 5 Anos Livre de Doença. Relato de caso e revisão de literatura

Introduction: Gliosarcoma, a rare tumor in adults (2-3%) and children, is usually found in older individuals. It presents a biphasic histology, sarcomatous and gliomatous, that makes its management complex and prognosis obscure. Case Report: A 2 year-old male patient, presenting nausea and vomits for 6 days without improvement and suspicion of intracranial hypertension. CT-Scan showed a lesion on the right frontal lobe; MRI found a lesion suggestive for rhabdoid theratoid tumor. After 1 month, the patient underwent total resection and pathology diagnosed gliosarcoma. Four months later, recurrence was treated with partial resection and adjuvant radiotherapy, with weekly vincristine and cycles of carboplatin and etoposide. Duration of adjuvant treatment was 3 months. After 6 years free of disease, the remaining sequelae are residual epilepsy and mild cognitive impairment. Discussion: Therapeutic options mimic the treatment available for glioblastoma with trimodal therapy: complete resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Conclusion: The lack of consensus in the literature is a reflection of the few data regarding this tumor. The scientific value is evident in this case and survival rate is exceptional when compared to the other cases described in the literature.